Educationisle

  Planning Planning involves defining the organization’s goals, establishing an overall strategy for achieving these goals, and developing a comprehensive set of plans to integrate and coordinate organizational work. The term planning as used in this chapter refers to formal planning. The quality of the planning process and appropriate implementation probably contribute more too high performance than does the extent of planning. S.P. Robbins:     “A process that involves defining the organization’s goals, establishing an overall strategy for achieves those goals and developing a comprehensive set of plans to integrate and coordinate organizational work”. Levels of Planning: The most popular ways to describe organizational plans or levels by their breadth, time frame, specificity, and frequency of use. Following are the levels of planning and management who make such plans are as under. Strategic Plans: “Plans that apply to the entire organization, establish th...